vault backup: 2026-07-16 10:43:00

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每日单词260716.md

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+---
+tags:
+  - 考研词汇
+  - 每日单词
+created: 2026-07-16
+---
+
+# 每日单词 260716
+
+> 共 **16** 词
+
+---
+
+## 速览
+
+| # | 单词 | 释义 |
+|:---:|---|---|
+| 1 | chronic | 长期的 |
+| 2 | lag | 滞后 |
+| 3 | cloak | 遮掩；斗篷 |
+| 4 | impetus | 动力，推动力 |
+| 5 | coalition | 联合，联盟 |
+| 6 | tub | 桶 |
+| 7 | brittle | 易碎的；易生气的 |
+| 8 | revenue | 税收，收入 |
+| 9 | remark | 注意；言辞；评论 |
+| 10 | poll | 投票；剪短 |
+| 11 | conserve | 保存，节约 |
+| 12 | fungus | 真菌 |
+| 13 | spine-chilling | 令人毛骨悚然的 |
+| 14 | pervasive | 无处不在的 → [[每日单词260715#形容词 Adjectives\|详情]] |
+| 15 | pesticide | 农药 |
+| 16 | tabloid | 小报；药片；文摘 |
+
+---
+
+## 动词 Verbs
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 例句 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **lag**<br>`/læɡ/` | v./n. 滞后，落后 | Many rural areas still *lag* behind in terms of internet access. |
+| **cloak**<br>`/kləʊk/` | v. 遮掩；n. 斗篷 | The company tried to *cloak* its financial problems from investors. |
+| **remark**<br>`/rɪˈmɑːk/` | v./n. 注意；评论 | He *remarked* that the results were unexpectedly positive. |
+| **poll**<br>`/pəʊl/` | v./n. 投票，民意调查；剪短 | The latest *poll* shows a significant shift in public opinion. |
+| **conserve**<br>`/kənˈsɜːv/` | v. 保存，节约，保护 | We must *conserve* natural resources for future generations. |
+
+> [!tip] 形近辨析
+> - **lag** (滞后) ≠ **leg** (腿) — 别拼错
+> - **cloak** 既是名词"斗篷"也是动词"遮掩" → 用斗篷遮住
+> - **conserve** (节约保存) ↔ **preserve** (维持原状保护) ↔ **reserve** (预留预定)
+
+---
+
+## 名词 Nouns
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 例句 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **impetus**<br>`/ˈɪmpɪtəs/` | n. 动力，推动力，促进 | The crisis provided fresh *impetus* for healthcare reform. |
+| **coalition**<br>`/ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn/` | n. 联合，联盟 | A *coalition* of environmental groups protested against the policy. |
+| **tub**<br>`/tʌb/` | n. 桶，盆，浴缸 | She bought a *tub* of ice cream to share. |
+| **revenue**<br>`/ˈrevənjuː/` | n. 税收，收入（尤指政府/企业总收入） | Advertising *revenue* accounts for 80% of the company's income. |
+| **fungus**<br>`/ˈfʌŋɡəs/` | n. 真菌（pl. fungi `/ˈfʌŋɡaɪ/`） | The damp walls were covered in *fungus*. |
+| **pesticide**<br>`/ˈpestɪsaɪd/` | n. 农药，杀虫剂 | Organic farming avoids the use of chemical *pesticides*. |
+| **tabloid**<br>`/ˈtæblɔɪd/` | n. 小报；药片（旧）；文摘 | The story made headlines in every *tabloid* newspaper. |
+
+---
+
+## 形容词 Adjectives
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 例句 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **chronic**<br>`/ˈkrɒnɪk/` | adj. 长期的，慢性的 | *chronic* disease / *chronic* unemployment / *chronic* fatigue |
+| **brittle**<br>`/ˈbrɪtl/` | adj. 易碎的；脆弱的；易生气的 | The glass is extremely *brittle* — handle with care. |
+| **spine-chilling** | adj. 令人毛骨悚然的 | The abandoned house had a *spine-chilling* atmosphere. |
+| **pervasive**<br>`/pəˈveɪsɪv/` | adj. 无处不在的，弥漫的 | → [[每日单词260715#形容词 Adjectives\|详见 260715]] |
+
+> [!tip] 词根助记
+> - **chronic**: from Greek *chronos* (时间) → 长期的 → also in "Xenoblade Chronicles" (异度神剑编年史)
+> - **impetus**: im- (朝，向) + *pet* (追求，寻求) → 向前冲的力量 → 动力
+> - **coalition**: co- (共同) + *alescere* (成长) → 共同成长 → 联盟
+> - **pesticide**: *pest* (害虫) + *-cide* (杀) → 杀虫剂
+> - **tabloid**: 原指压缩的药片 → 引申为浓缩版报纸 → 小报
+> - **revenue**: re- (回) + *venir* (来) → 收回来的钱 → 收入
+
+---
+
+## 易混淆词辨析
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 区分 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **conserve** `/kənˈsɜːv/` | v. 节约，保存（合理利用） | conserve energy / resources |
+| **preserve** `/prɪˈzɜːv/` | v. 保护，维持原状 | preserve tradition / preserve food |
+| **reserve** `/rɪˈzɜːv/` | v. 预留，预定 | reserve a seat / reserve judgment |
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 区分 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **lag** | v. 滞后，落后 | lag behind — 落在后面 |
+| **log** | n. 原木；日志 | — |
+| **leg** | n. 腿 | — |
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 区分 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **brittle** `/ˈbrɪtl/` | adj. 易碎的；脆弱的 | 硬而脆，一碰就碎（玻璃、骨骼） |
+| **fragile** `/ˈfrædʒaɪl/` | adj. 易碎的；脆弱的 | 泛指易碎，也可形容体弱/情绪脆弱 |
+| **frail** `/freɪl/` | adj. 虚弱的，脆弱的 | 多指人体质虚弱 |