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每日单词260722.md

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+---
+tags:
+  - 考研词汇
+  - 每日单词
+created: 2026-07-22
+---
+
+# 每日单词 260722
+
+> 共 **9** 词（扩充 5 词）
+
+---
+
+## 速览
+
+| # | 单词 | 释义 | 标注 |
+|:---:|---|---|:---:|
+| 1 | proclaim | 宣告，宣布 | |
+| 2 | prevalent | 普遍的 | → [[每日单词260717\|详情]] |
+| 3 | reciprocal | 互惠的，相互的 | |
+| 4 | impartial | 不偏不倚的，公正的 | |
+| 5 | exclaim | 呼喊，惊叫 | **扩充** |
+| 6 | reclaim | 开垦，回收，取回 | **扩充** |
+| 7 | acclaim | 欢呼，喝彩，称赞 | **扩充** |
+| 8 | bias | 偏见，偏爱 | **扩充** |
+| 9 | partial | 偏袒的；部分的 | **扩充** |
+
+---
+
+## 动词 Verbs
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 例句 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **proclaim**<br>`/prəˈkleɪm/` | v. 宣告，宣布；表明 | The president *proclaimed* a state of emergency following the earthquake. |
+| **exclaim**<br>`/ɪkˈskleɪm/` | v. 呼喊，惊叫（因强烈情绪） | "That's incredible!" she *exclaimed* in disbelief. `扩充` |
+| **reclaim**<br>`/rɪˈkleɪm/` | v. 开垦；回收；取回 | The country plans to *reclaim* land from the sea for urban development. `扩充` |
+| **acclaim**<br>`/əˈkleɪm/` | v./n. 欢呼，喝彩，称赞 | The novel was widely *acclaimed* by critics around the world. `扩充` |
+
+> [!tip] 词根助记：*-claim* = to shout, to call out (喊，叫)
+> - **proclaim** = pro- (向前) + *claim* (喊) → 向前喊出 → 宣告
+> - **exclaim** = ex- (向外) + *claim* (喊) → 喊出来 → 呼喊，惊叫
+> - **reclaim** = re- (回) + *claim* (叫) → 叫回来 → 取回，回收
+> - **acclaim** = ac- (=ad-, 朝) + *claim* (喊) → 朝…喊 → 欢呼，喝彩
+
+---
+
+## 形容词 Adjectives
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 例句 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **reciprocal**<br>`/rɪˈsɪprəkl/` | adj. 互惠的，相互的，对等的 | The two countries signed a *reciprocal* trade agreement. |
+| **impartial**<br>`/ɪmˈpɑːʃl/` | adj. 不偏不倚的，公正的 | A judge must be completely *impartial* in every case. |
+| **prevalent**<br>`/ˈprevələnt/` | adj. 普遍的，流行的 | → [[每日单词260717\|详见 260717]] |
+| **bias**<br>`/ˈbaɪəs/` | n./v. 偏见，偏爱；使有偏见 | The media has been accused of showing political *bias*. `扩充` |
+| **partial**<br>`/ˈpɑːʃl/` | adj. 偏袒的，有偏见的；部分的 | The referee was criticized for being *partial* toward the home team. `扩充` |
+
+> [!tip] 常见搭配
+> - **proclaim independence / a state of emergency** — 宣布独立 / 紧急状态
+> - **reciprocal relationship / arrangement** — 互惠关系 / 安排
+> - **impartial judge / observer** — 公正的法官 / 观察员
+> - **be biased against / toward** — 对…有偏见 / 偏袒…
+
+---
+
+## 易混淆词辨析
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 区分 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **proclaim** | v. 正式宣告（公共场合） | proclaim independence → 宣布独立 |
+| **exclaim** | v. 喊叫（强烈情绪） | 因惊讶/愤怒/兴奋脱口而出 |
+| **reclaim** | v. 回收，开垦 | reclaim land / reclaim lost territory |
+| **acclaim** | v./n. 称赞，喝彩 | critically acclaimed → 广受好评 |
+
+| 单词 | 释义 | 区分 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **reciprocal** `/rɪˈsɪprəkl/` | adj. 相互的，互惠的 | reciprocal respect / agreement |
+| **mutual** `/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/` | adj. 相互的，共同的 | mutual friend / mutual understanding |
+| **reverse** `/rɪˈvɜːs/` | adj. 相反的，反向的 | in reverse order → 顺序相反 |
+
+| 单词                         | 释义             | 区分                      |
+| -------------------------- | -------------- | ----------------------- |
+| **impartial** `/ɪmˈpɑːʃl/` | adj. 不偏不倚的，公正的 | im- (不) + partial = 不偏袒 |
+| **partial** `/ˈpɑːʃl/`     | adj. 偏袒的；部分的   | be partial to = 偏爱…     |
+| **bias** `/ˈbaɪəs/`        | n. 偏见，偏爱       | bias against = 对…偏见     |
+| **unbiased** `/ʌnˈbaɪəst/` | adj. 无偏见的      | unbiased opinion        |