Add OpenMP parallelization to Fortran compute kernels

Add !$omp parallel do collapse(2) directives to all triple-loop
stencil kernels (fderivs, fdderivs, fdx/fdy/fdz, kodis, lopsided,
enforce_ag/enforce_ga) across all ghost_width variants. Add !$omp
parallel workshare to RK4/ICN/Euler whole-array update routines.

Build system: add -qopenmp to compile and link flags, switch MKL
from sequential to threaded (-lmkl_intel_thread -liomp5).

Runtime: set OMP_NUM_THREADS=96, OMP_STACKSIZE=16M, OMP_PROC_BIND=close,
OMP_PLACES=cores for 96-core server target.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

AMSS_NCKU_Input.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import numpy
 File_directory   = "GW150914"                    ## output file directory
 Output_directory = "binary_output"               ## binary data file directory
                                                  ## The file directory name should not be too long
-MPI_processes    = 64                             ## number of mpi processes used in the simulation
+MPI_processes    = 1                              ## number of processes (MPI removed, single-process mode)
 
 GPU_Calculation  = "no"                          ## Use GPU or not 
                                                  ## (prefer "no" in the current version, because the GPU part may have bugs when integrated in this Python interface)

AMSS_NCKU_Program.py

@@ -8,14 +8,6 @@
 ##
 ##################################################################
 
-## Guard against re-execution by multiprocessing child processes.
-## Without this, using 'spawn' or 'forkserver' context would cause every
-## worker to re-run the entire script, spawning exponentially more
-## workers (fork bomb).
-if __name__ != '__main__':
-    import sys as _sys
-    _sys.exit(0)
-
 
 ##################################################################
 
@@ -432,31 +424,26 @@ print(
 
 import plot_xiaoqu
 import plot_GW_strain_amplitude_xiaoqu
-from parallel_plot_helper import run_plot_tasks_parallel
-
-plot_tasks = []
 
 ## Plot black hole trajectory
-plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_orbit_plot,   (binary_results_directory, figure_directory) ) )
+plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_orbit_plot(   binary_results_directory, figure_directory )
-plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_orbit_plot3D, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory) ) )
+plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_orbit_plot3D( binary_results_directory, figure_directory )
 
 ## Plot black hole separation vs. time
-plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_distence_plot, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory) ) )
+plot_xiaoqu.generate_puncture_distence_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory )
 
 ## Plot gravitational waveforms (psi4 and strain amplitude)
 for i in range(input_data.Detector_Number):
-    plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_gravitational_wave_psi4_plot, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i) ) )
+    plot_xiaoqu.generate_gravitational_wave_psi4_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i )
-    plot_tasks.append( ( plot_GW_strain_amplitude_xiaoqu.generate_gravitational_wave_amplitude_plot, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i) ) )
+    plot_GW_strain_amplitude_xiaoqu.generate_gravitational_wave_amplitude_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i )
 
 ## Plot ADM mass evolution
 for i in range(input_data.Detector_Number):
-    plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_ADMmass_plot, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i) ) )
+    plot_xiaoqu.generate_ADMmass_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i )
 
 ## Plot Hamiltonian constraint violation over time
 for i in range(input_data.grid_level):
-    plot_tasks.append( ( plot_xiaoqu.generate_constraint_check_plot, (binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i) ) )
+    plot_xiaoqu.generate_constraint_check_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory, i )
-
-run_plot_tasks_parallel(plot_tasks)
 
 ## Plot stored binary data
 plot_xiaoqu.generate_binary_data_plot( binary_results_directory, figure_directory )

AMSS_NCKU_source/ABE.C

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <map.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "macrodef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/Ansorg.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #define PI M_PI
 

AMSS_NCKU_source/Block.h

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 #ifndef BLOCK_H
 #define BLOCK_H
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "macrodef.h" //need dim here; Vertex or Cell
 #include "var.h"
 #include "MyList.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/IntPnts0.C

@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "myglobal.h"
 

AMSS_NCKU_source/MPatch.h

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 #ifndef PATCH_H
 #define PATCH_H
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "MyList.h"
 #include "Block.h"
 #include "var.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/Newton.C

@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <float.h>
 #include <math.h>
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "util_Table.h"
 #include "cctk.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/NullShellPatch.h

@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <complex.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "MyList.h"
 #include "Block.h"
 #include "Parallel.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/NullShellPatch2.h

@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <complex.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "MyList.h"
 #include "Block.h"
 #include "Parallel.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/Parallel.C

@@ -3853,8 +3853,7 @@ void Parallel::Sync_merged(MyList<Patch> *PatL, MyList<var> *VarList, int Symmet
 Parallel::SyncCache::SyncCache()
     : valid(false), cpusize(0), combined_src(0), combined_dst(0),
       send_lengths(0), recv_lengths(0), send_bufs(0), recv_bufs(0),
-      send_buf_caps(0), recv_buf_caps(0), reqs(0), stats(0), max_reqs(0),
+      send_buf_caps(0), recv_buf_caps(0), reqs(0), stats(0), max_reqs(0)
-      lengths_valid(false)
 {
 }
 // SyncCache invalidate: free grid segment lists but keep buffers
@@ -3872,7 +3871,6 @@ void Parallel::SyncCache::invalidate()
     send_lengths[i] = recv_lengths[i] = 0;
   }
   valid = false;
-  lengths_valid = false;
 }
 // SyncCache destroy: free everything
 void Parallel::SyncCache::destroy()
@@ -4174,13 +4172,8 @@ void Parallel::Sync_start(MyList<Patch> *PatL, MyList<var> *VarList, int Symmetr
   {
     if (node == myrank)
     {
-      int length;
+      int length = data_packer(0, src[myrank], dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
-      if (!cache.lengths_valid) {
-        length = data_packer(0, src[myrank], dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
       cache.recv_lengths[node] = length;
-      } else {
-        length = cache.recv_lengths[node];
-      }
       if (length > 0)
       {
         if (length > cache.recv_buf_caps[node])
@@ -4194,13 +4187,8 @@ void Parallel::Sync_start(MyList<Patch> *PatL, MyList<var> *VarList, int Symmetr
     }
     else
     {
-      int slength;
+      int slength = data_packer(0, src[myrank], dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
-      if (!cache.lengths_valid) {
-        slength = data_packer(0, src[myrank], dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
       cache.send_lengths[node] = slength;
-      } else {
-        slength = cache.send_lengths[node];
-      }
       if (slength > 0)
       {
         if (slength > cache.send_buf_caps[node])
@@ -4212,13 +4200,8 @@ void Parallel::Sync_start(MyList<Patch> *PatL, MyList<var> *VarList, int Symmetr
         data_packer(cache.send_bufs[node], src[myrank], dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
         MPI_Isend((void *)cache.send_bufs[node], slength, MPI_DOUBLE, node, 2, MPI_COMM_WORLD, cache.reqs + state.req_no++);
       }
-      int rlength;
+      int rlength = data_packer(0, src[node], dst[node], node, UNPACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
-      if (!cache.lengths_valid) {
-        rlength = data_packer(0, src[node], dst[node], node, UNPACK, VarList, VarList, Symmetry);
       cache.recv_lengths[node] = rlength;
-      } else {
-        rlength = cache.recv_lengths[node];
-      }
       if (rlength > 0)
       {
         if (rlength > cache.recv_buf_caps[node])
@@ -4231,7 +4214,6 @@ void Parallel::Sync_start(MyList<Patch> *PatL, MyList<var> *VarList, int Symmetr
       }
     }
   }
-  cache.lengths_valid = true;
 }
 // Sync_finish: wait for async MPI operations and unpack
 void Parallel::Sync_finish(SyncCache &cache, AsyncSyncState &state,
@@ -5286,203 +5268,6 @@ void Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
   delete[] transfer_src;
   delete[] transfer_dst;
 }
-
-// Restrict_cached: cache grid segment lists, reuse buffers via transfer_cached
-void Parallel::Restrict_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                               MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                               int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache)
-{
-  if (!cache.valid)
-  {
-    int cpusize;
-    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &cpusize);
-    cache.cpusize = cpusize;
-
-    if (!cache.combined_src)
-    {
-      cache.combined_src = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.combined_dst = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.send_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      for (int i = 0; i < cpusize; i++)
-      {
-        cache.send_bufs[i] = cache.recv_bufs[i] = 0;
-        cache.send_buf_caps[i] = cache.recv_buf_caps[i] = 0;
-      }
-      cache.max_reqs = 2 * cpusize;
-      cache.reqs = new MPI_Request[cache.max_reqs];
-      cache.stats = new MPI_Status[cache.max_reqs];
-    }
-
-    MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *dst = build_complete_gsl(PatcL);
-    for (int node = 0; node < cpusize; node++)
-    {
-      MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *src_owned = build_owned_gsl(PatfL, node, 2, Symmetry);
-      build_gstl(src_owned, dst, &cache.combined_src[node], &cache.combined_dst[node]);
-      if (src_owned) src_owned->destroyList();
-    }
-    if (dst) dst->destroyList();
-
-    cache.valid = true;
-  }
-
-  transfer_cached(cache.combined_src, cache.combined_dst, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry, cache);
-}
-
-// OutBdLow2Hi_cached: cache grid segment lists, reuse buffers via transfer_cached
-void Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                                  MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                                  int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache)
-{
-  if (!cache.valid)
-  {
-    int cpusize;
-    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &cpusize);
-    cache.cpusize = cpusize;
-
-    if (!cache.combined_src)
-    {
-      cache.combined_src = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.combined_dst = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.send_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      for (int i = 0; i < cpusize; i++)
-      {
-        cache.send_bufs[i] = cache.recv_bufs[i] = 0;
-        cache.send_buf_caps[i] = cache.recv_buf_caps[i] = 0;
-      }
-      cache.max_reqs = 2 * cpusize;
-      cache.reqs = new MPI_Request[cache.max_reqs];
-      cache.stats = new MPI_Status[cache.max_reqs];
-    }
-
-    MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *dst = build_buffer_gsl(PatfL);
-    for (int node = 0; node < cpusize; node++)
-    {
-      MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *src_owned = build_owned_gsl(PatcL, node, 4, Symmetry);
-      build_gstl(src_owned, dst, &cache.combined_src[node], &cache.combined_dst[node]);
-      if (src_owned) src_owned->destroyList();
-    }
-    if (dst) dst->destroyList();
-
-    cache.valid = true;
-  }
-
-  transfer_cached(cache.combined_src, cache.combined_dst, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry, cache);
-}
-
-// OutBdLow2Himix_cached: same as OutBdLow2Hi_cached but uses transfermix for unpacking
-void Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                                     MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                                     int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache)
-{
-  if (!cache.valid)
-  {
-    int cpusize;
-    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &cpusize);
-    cache.cpusize = cpusize;
-
-    if (!cache.combined_src)
-    {
-      cache.combined_src = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.combined_dst = new MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_lengths = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.send_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_bufs = new double *[cpusize];
-      cache.send_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      cache.recv_buf_caps = new int[cpusize];
-      for (int i = 0; i < cpusize; i++)
-      {
-        cache.send_bufs[i] = cache.recv_bufs[i] = 0;
-        cache.send_buf_caps[i] = cache.recv_buf_caps[i] = 0;
-      }
-      cache.max_reqs = 2 * cpusize;
-      cache.reqs = new MPI_Request[cache.max_reqs];
-      cache.stats = new MPI_Status[cache.max_reqs];
-    }
-
-    MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *dst = build_buffer_gsl(PatfL);
-    for (int node = 0; node < cpusize; node++)
-    {
-      MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *src_owned = build_owned_gsl(PatcL, node, 4, Symmetry);
-      build_gstl(src_owned, dst, &cache.combined_src[node], &cache.combined_dst[node]);
-      if (src_owned) src_owned->destroyList();
-    }
-    if (dst) dst->destroyList();
-
-    cache.valid = true;
-  }
-
-  // Use transfermix instead of transfer for mix-mode interpolation
-  int myrank;
-  MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &cache.cpusize);
-  MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &myrank);
-  int cpusize = cache.cpusize;
-
-  int req_no = 0;
-  for (int node = 0; node < cpusize; node++)
-  {
-    if (node == myrank)
-    {
-      int length = data_packermix(0, cache.combined_src[myrank], cache.combined_dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-      cache.recv_lengths[node] = length;
-      if (length > 0)
-      {
-        if (length > cache.recv_buf_caps[node])
-        {
-          if (cache.recv_bufs[node]) delete[] cache.recv_bufs[node];
-          cache.recv_bufs[node] = new double[length];
-          cache.recv_buf_caps[node] = length;
-        }
-        data_packermix(cache.recv_bufs[node], cache.combined_src[myrank], cache.combined_dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-      }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      int slength = data_packermix(0, cache.combined_src[myrank], cache.combined_dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-      cache.send_lengths[node] = slength;
-      if (slength > 0)
-      {
-        if (slength > cache.send_buf_caps[node])
-        {
-          if (cache.send_bufs[node]) delete[] cache.send_bufs[node];
-          cache.send_bufs[node] = new double[slength];
-          cache.send_buf_caps[node] = slength;
-        }
-        data_packermix(cache.send_bufs[node], cache.combined_src[myrank], cache.combined_dst[myrank], node, PACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-        MPI_Isend((void *)cache.send_bufs[node], slength, MPI_DOUBLE, node, 1, MPI_COMM_WORLD, cache.reqs + req_no++);
-      }
-      int rlength = data_packermix(0, cache.combined_src[node], cache.combined_dst[node], node, UNPACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-      cache.recv_lengths[node] = rlength;
-      if (rlength > 0)
-      {
-        if (rlength > cache.recv_buf_caps[node])
-        {
-          if (cache.recv_bufs[node]) delete[] cache.recv_bufs[node];
-          cache.recv_bufs[node] = new double[rlength];
-          cache.recv_buf_caps[node] = rlength;
-        }
-        MPI_Irecv((void *)cache.recv_bufs[node], rlength, MPI_DOUBLE, node, 1, MPI_COMM_WORLD, cache.reqs + req_no++);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  MPI_Waitall(req_no, cache.reqs, cache.stats);
-
-  for (int node = 0; node < cpusize; node++)
-    if (cache.recv_bufs[node] && cache.recv_lengths[node] > 0)
-      data_packermix(cache.recv_bufs[node], cache.combined_src[node], cache.combined_dst[node], node, UNPACK, VarList1, VarList2, Symmetry);
-}
-
 // collect all buffer grid segments or blocks for given patch
 MyList<Parallel::gridseg> *Parallel::build_buffer_gsl(Patch *Pat)
 {

AMSS_NCKU_source/Parallel.h

@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ namespace Parallel
     MPI_Request *reqs;
     MPI_Status *stats;
     int max_reqs;
-    bool lengths_valid;
     SyncCache();
     void invalidate();
     void destroy();
@@ -130,15 +129,6 @@ namespace Parallel
   void OutBdLow2Himix(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
                       MyList<var> *VarList1 /* source */, MyList<var> *VarList2 /* target */,
                       int Symmetry);
-  void Restrict_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                       MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                       int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache);
-  void OutBdLow2Hi_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                          MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                          int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache);
-  void OutBdLow2Himix_cached(MyList<Patch> *PatcL, MyList<Patch> *PatfL,
-                             MyList<var> *VarList1, MyList<var> *VarList2,
-                             int Symmetry, SyncCache &cache);
   void Prolong(Patch *Patc, Patch *Patf,
                MyList<var> *VarList1 /* source */, MyList<var> *VarList2 /* target */,
                int Symmetry);

AMSS_NCKU_source/ShellPatch.h

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 #ifndef SHELLPATCH_H
 #define SHELLPATCH_H
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "MyList.h"
 #include "Block.h"
 #include "Parallel.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/Z4c_class.C

@@ -321,7 +321,22 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
     }
     Pp = Pp->next;
   }
-  // NOTE: error check deferred to after Shell Patch computation to reduce MPI_Allreduce calls
+  // check error information
+  {
+    int erh = ERROR;
+    MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+  }
+  if (ERROR)
+  {
+    Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+    if (myrank == 0)
+    {
+      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables at t = " << PhysTime 
+                              << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
+      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+    }
+  }
 
 #ifdef WithShell
   // evolve Shell Patches
@@ -453,16 +468,24 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
       sPp = sPp->next;
     }
   }
-  // Non-blocking error reduction overlapped with Sync to hide Allreduce latency
+  // check error information
-  MPI_Request err_req_pre;
   {
     int erh = ERROR;
-    MPI_Iallreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &err_req_pre);
+    MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+  }
+  if (ERROR)
+  {
+    SH->Dump_Data(StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+    if (myrank == 0)
+    {
+      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables on Shell Patches at t = " << PhysTime << endl;
+      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+    }
   }
 #endif
 
-  Parallel::AsyncSyncState async_pre;
+  Parallel::Sync(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, Symmetry);
-  Parallel::Sync_start(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, Symmetry, sync_cache_pre[lev], async_pre);
 
 #ifdef WithShell
   if (lev == 0)
@@ -481,24 +504,6 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
     }
   }
 #endif
-  Parallel::Sync_finish(sync_cache_pre[lev], async_pre, SynchList_pre, Symmetry);
-
-#ifdef WithShell
-  // Complete non-blocking error reduction and check
-  MPI_Wait(&err_req_pre, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
-  if (ERROR)
-  {
-    Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-    SH->Dump_Data(StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-    if (myrank == 0)
-    {
-      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
-        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables at t = " << PhysTime
-                              << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
-      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
-    }
-  }
-#endif
 
   // for black hole position
   if (BH_num > 0 && lev == GH->levels - 1)
@@ -688,7 +693,23 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
       Pp = Pp->next;
     }
 
-    // NOTE: error check deferred to after Shell Patch computation to reduce MPI_Allreduce calls
+    // check error information
+    {
+      int erh = ERROR;
+      MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+    }
+    if (ERROR)
+    {
+      Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+      if (myrank == 0)
+      {
+        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in RK4 substep#" << iter_count 
+                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime 
+                                << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
+        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+      }
+    }
 
 #ifdef WithShell
     // evolve Shell Patches
@@ -829,16 +850,25 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
         sPp = sPp->next;
       }
     }
-    // Non-blocking error reduction overlapped with Sync to hide Allreduce latency
+    // check error information
-    MPI_Request err_req_cor;
     {
       int erh = ERROR;
-      MPI_Iallreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &err_req_cor);
+      MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+    }
+    if (ERROR)
+    {
+      SH->Dump_Data(SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+      if (myrank == 0)
+      {
+        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN on Shell Patches in RK4 substep#" << iter_count 
+                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime << endl;
+        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+      }
     }
 #endif
 
-    Parallel::AsyncSyncState async_cor;
+    Parallel::Sync(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
-    Parallel::Sync_start(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_cor, Symmetry, sync_cache_cor[lev], async_cor);
 
 #ifdef WithShell
     if (lev == 0)
@@ -856,25 +886,6 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
              << " seconds! " << endl;
       }
     }
-#endif
-    Parallel::Sync_finish(sync_cache_cor[lev], async_cor, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
-
-#ifdef WithShell
-    // Complete non-blocking error reduction and check
-    MPI_Wait(&err_req_cor, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
-    if (ERROR)
-    {
-      Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-      SH->Dump_Data(SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-      if (myrank == 0)
-      {
-        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
-          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in RK4 substep#" << iter_count
-                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime
-                                << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
-        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
-      }
-    }
 #endif
     // for black hole position
     if (BH_num > 0 && lev == GH->levels - 1)
@@ -1241,7 +1252,22 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
 	 }
   }
 #endif
-  // NOTE: error check deferred to after Shell Patch computation to reduce MPI_Allreduce calls
+  // check error information
+  {
+    int erh = ERROR;
+    MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+  }
+  if (ERROR)
+  {
+    Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+    if (myrank == 0)
+    {
+      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables at t = " << PhysTime 
+                              << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
+      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+    }
+  }
 
   // evolve Shell Patches
   if (lev == 0)
@@ -1516,15 +1542,23 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
   }
 #endif
   }
-  // Non-blocking error reduction overlapped with Sync to hide Allreduce latency
+  // check error information
-  MPI_Request err_req_pre;
   {
     int erh = ERROR;
-    MPI_Iallreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &err_req_pre);
+    MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+  }
+  if (ERROR)
+  {
+    SH->Dump_Data(StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+    if (myrank == 0)
+    {
+      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables on Shell Patches at t = " << PhysTime << endl;
+      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+    }
   }
 
-  Parallel::AsyncSyncState async_pre;
+  Parallel::Sync(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, Symmetry);
-  Parallel::Sync_start(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, Symmetry, sync_cache_pre[lev], async_pre);
 
   if (lev == 0)
   {
@@ -1586,22 +1620,6 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
   }
 #endif
   }
-  Parallel::Sync_finish(sync_cache_pre[lev], async_pre, SynchList_pre, Symmetry);
-
-  // Complete non-blocking error reduction and check
-  MPI_Wait(&err_req_pre, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
-  if (ERROR)
-  {
-    Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-    SH->Dump_Data(StateList, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-    if (myrank == 0)
-    {
-      if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
-        ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in state variables at t = " << PhysTime
-                              << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
-      MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
-    }
-  }
 
   // for black hole position
   if (BH_num > 0 && lev == GH->levels - 1)
@@ -1823,7 +1841,23 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
       Pp = Pp->next;
     }
 
-    // NOTE: error check deferred to after Shell Patch computation to reduce MPI_Allreduce calls
+    // check error information
+    {
+      int erh = ERROR;
+      MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+    }
+    if (ERROR)
+    {
+      Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+      if (myrank == 0)
+      {
+        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in RK4 substep#" << iter_count 
+                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime 
+                                << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
+        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+      }
+    }
 
     // evolve Shell Patches
     if (lev == 0)
@@ -2069,15 +2103,24 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
         sPp = sPp->next;
       }
     }
-    // Non-blocking error reduction overlapped with Sync to hide Allreduce latency
+    // check error information
-    MPI_Request err_req_cor;
     {
       int erh = ERROR;
-      MPI_Iallreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &err_req_cor);
+      MPI_Allreduce(&erh, &ERROR, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+    }
+    if (ERROR)
+    {
+      SH->Dump_Data(SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
+      if (myrank == 0)
+      {
+        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
+          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN on Shell Patches in RK4 substep#" << iter_count 
+                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime << endl;
+        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+      }
     }
 
-    Parallel::AsyncSyncState async_cor;
+    Parallel::Sync(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
-    Parallel::Sync_start(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_cor, Symmetry, sync_cache_cor[lev], async_cor);
 
     if (lev == 0)
     {
@@ -2127,23 +2170,6 @@ void Z4c_class::Step(int lev, int YN)
     }
 // end smooth
 #endif
-    Parallel::Sync_finish(sync_cache_cor[lev], async_cor, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
-
-    // Complete non-blocking error reduction and check
-    MPI_Wait(&err_req_cor, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
-    if (ERROR)
-    {
-      Parallel::Dump_Data(GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-      SH->Dump_Data(SynchList_pre, 0, PhysTime, dT_lev);
-      if (myrank == 0)
-      {
-        if (ErrorMonitor->outfile)
-          ErrorMonitor->outfile << "find NaN in RK4 substep#" << iter_count
-                                << " variables at t = " << PhysTime
-                                << ", lev = " << lev << endl;
-        MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
-      }
-    }
 
     // for black hole position
     if (BH_num > 0 && lev == GH->levels - 1)

AMSS_NCKU_source/Z4c_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "cgh.h"
 #include "ShellPatch.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssnEM_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "cgh.h"
 #include "ShellPatch.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssnEScalar_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "cgh.h"
 #include "ShellPatch.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssn_class.C

@@ -5819,11 +5819,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong(int lev, int YN, bool BB,
 #endif
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SynchList_pre,SL,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -5870,11 +5880,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong(int lev, int YN, bool BB,
 #endif
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SL, SL, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SL, SL, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SL,SL,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -5949,11 +5969,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong_aux(int lev, int YN, bool BB,
       Parallel::Sync_cached(GH->PatL[lev - 1], SynchList_pre, Symmetry, sync_cache_rp_coarse[lev]);
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SL, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SynchList_pre,SL,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SL, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -5971,11 +6001,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong_aux(int lev, int YN, bool BB,
       Parallel::Sync_cached(GH->PatL[lev - 1], SL, Symmetry, sync_cache_rp_coarse[lev]);
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SL, SL, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SL, SL, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SL,SL,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SL, SL, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -6036,11 +6076,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong(int lev, int YN, bool BB)
       Parallel::Sync_cached(GH->PatL[lev - 1], SynchList_pre, Symmetry, sync_cache_rp_coarse[lev]);
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SynchList_pre,SynchList_cor,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -6060,11 +6110,21 @@ void bssn_class::RestrictProlong(int lev, int YN, bool BB)
       Parallel::Sync_cached(GH->PatL[lev - 1], StateList, Symmetry, sync_cache_rp_coarse[lev]);
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],StateList,SynchList_cor,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -6101,11 +6161,21 @@ void bssn_class::ProlongRestrict(int lev, int YN, bool BB)
       }
 
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],SynchList_pre,SynchList_cor,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], SynchList_pre, SynchList_cor, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);
@@ -6114,11 +6184,21 @@ void bssn_class::ProlongRestrict(int lev, int YN, bool BB)
     else // no time refinement levels and for all same time levels
     {
 #if (RPB == 0)
+      Ppc = GH->PatL[lev - 1];
+      while (Ppc)
+      {
+        Pp = GH->PatL[lev];
+        while (Pp)
+        {
 #if (MIXOUTB == 0)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi(Ppc->data, Pp->data, StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #elif (MIXOUTB == 1)
-      Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
+          Parallel::OutBdLow2Himix(Ppc->data, Pp->data, StateList, SynchList_cor, Symmetry);
 #endif
+          Pp = Pp->next;
+        }
+        Ppc = Ppc->next;
+      }
 #elif (RPB == 1)
       //       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev-1],GH->PatL[lev],StateList,SynchList_cor,Symmetry);
       Parallel::OutBdLow2Hi_bam(GH->PatL[lev - 1], GH->PatL[lev], StateList, SynchList_cor, GH->bdsul[lev], Symmetry);

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssn_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "macrodef.h"
 #include "cgh.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssn_gpu_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "macrodef.h"
 #include "cgh.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/bssn_rhs.f90

@@ -945,60 +945,103 @@
   SSA(2)=SYM
   SSA(3)=ANTI
 
-!!!!!!!!!advection term + Kreiss-Oliger dissipation (merged for cache efficiency)
+!!!!!!!!!advection term part
-! lopsided_kodis shares the symmetry_bd buffer between advection and
-! dissipation, eliminating redundant full-grid copies. For metric variables
-! gxx/gyy/gzz (=dxx/dyy/dzz+1): kodis stencil coefficients sum to zero,
-! so the constant offset has no effect on dissipation.
 
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gxx,gxx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gxx,gxx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gxy,gxy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,AAS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gxy,gxy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,AAS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gxz,gxz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASA,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gxz,gxz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASA)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gyy,gyy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gyy,gyy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gyz,gyz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAA,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gyz,gyz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAA)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gzz,gzz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,gzz,gzz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
 
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axx,Axx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Axx,Axx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axy,Axy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,AAS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Axy,Axy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,AAS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axz,Axz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASA,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Axz,Axz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASA)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayy,Ayy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayy,Ayy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayz,Ayz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAA,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayz,Ayz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAA)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Azz,Azz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Azz,Azz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
 
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,chi,chi_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,chi,chi_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,trK,trK_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,trK,trK_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
 
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamx,Gamx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamx,Gamx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamy,Gamy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamy,Gamy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamz,Gamz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA,eps)
+  call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamz,Gamz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA)
-
+!!
-#if 1 
-!! bam does not apply dissipation on gauge variables
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Lap,Lap_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS,eps)
-#if (GAUGE == 0 || GAUGE == 1 || GAUGE == 2 || GAUGE == 3 || GAUGE == 4 || GAUGE == 5 || GAUGE == 6 || GAUGE == 7)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betax,betax_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS,eps)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betay,betay_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS,eps)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betaz,betaz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA,eps)
-#endif
-#if (GAUGE == 0 || GAUGE == 2 || GAUGE == 3 || GAUGE == 6 || GAUGE == 7)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfx,dtSfx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS,eps)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfy,dtSfy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS,eps)
-  call lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfz,dtSfz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA,eps)
-#endif
-#else
-! No dissipation on gauge variables (advection only)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,Lap,Lap_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSS)
+
 #if (GAUGE == 0 || GAUGE == 1 || GAUGE == 2 || GAUGE == 3 || GAUGE == 4 || GAUGE == 5 || GAUGE == 6 || GAUGE == 7)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,betax,betax_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,betay,betay_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,betaz,betaz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA)
 #endif
+
 #if (GAUGE == 0 || GAUGE == 2 || GAUGE == 3 || GAUGE == 6 || GAUGE == 7)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfx,dtSfx_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,ASS)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfy,dtSfy_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SAS)
   call lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfz,dtSfz_rhs,betax,betay,betaz,Symmetry,SSA)
 #endif
+
+  if(eps>0)then 
+! usual Kreiss-Oliger dissipation      
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,chi,chi_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,trK,trK_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dxx,gxx_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gxy,gxy_rhs,AAS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gxz,gxz_rhs,ASA,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dyy,gyy_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,gyz,gyz_rhs,SAA,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dzz,gzz_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+#if 0
+#define i 42
+#define j 40
+#define k 40
+if(Lev == 1)then
+write(*,*) X(i),Y(j),Z(k)
+write(*,*) "before",Axx_rhs(i,j,k)
+endif
+#undef i
+#undef j
+#undef k
+!!stop
 #endif
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axx,Axx_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+#if 0
+#define i 42
+#define j 40
+#define k 40
+if(Lev == 1)then
+write(*,*) X(i),Y(j),Z(k)
+write(*,*) "after",Axx_rhs(i,j,k)
+endif
+#undef i
+#undef j
+#undef k
+!!stop
+#endif
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axy,Axy_rhs,AAS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Axz,Axz_rhs,ASA,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayy,Ayy_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Ayz,Ayz_rhs,SAA,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Azz,Azz_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamx,Gamx_rhs,ASS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamy,Gamy_rhs,SAS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Gamz,Gamz_rhs,SSA,Symmetry,eps)
+
+#if 1 
+!! bam does not apply dissipation on gauge variables
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,Lap,Lap_rhs,SSS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betax,betax_rhs,ASS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betay,betay_rhs,SAS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,betaz,betaz_rhs,SSA,Symmetry,eps)
+#if (GAUGE == 0 || GAUGE == 2 || GAUGE == 3 || GAUGE == 6 || GAUGE == 7)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfx,dtSfx_rhs,ASS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfy,dtSfy_rhs,SAS,Symmetry,eps)
+  call kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,dtSfz,dtSfz_rhs,SSA,Symmetry,eps)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  endif
 
   if(co == 0)then
 ! ham_Res = trR + 2/3 * K^2 - A_ij * A^ij - 16 * PI * rho

AMSS_NCKU_source/cgh.C

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <map.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "macrodef.h"
 #include "misc.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/cgh.h

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 #ifndef CGH_H
 #define CGH_H
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 #include "MyList.h"
 #include "MPatch.h"
 #include "macrodef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/checkpoint.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <time.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "var.h"
 #include "MyList.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/diff_new.f90

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -218,6 +220,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -282,6 +285,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -371,6 +375,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -469,6 +474,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -531,6 +537,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -594,6 +601,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -657,6 +665,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -719,6 +728,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -780,6 +790,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -866,6 +877,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -997,6 +1009,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1151,6 +1164,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1227,6 +1241,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1297,6 +1312,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1401,6 +1417,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1576,6 +1593,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1643,6 +1661,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1712,6 +1731,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1781,6 +1801,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1851,6 +1872,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -1919,6 +1941,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2011,6 +2034,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2127,6 +2151,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2212,6 +2237,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2288,6 +2314,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2406,6 +2433,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2593,6 +2621,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2665,6 +2694,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2740,6 +2770,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2815,6 +2846,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2895,6 +2927,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -2973,6 +3006,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3080,6 +3114,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3216,6 +3251,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3311,6 +3347,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3395,6 +3432,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3530,6 +3568,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3802,6 +3841,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3883,6 +3923,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -3967,6 +4008,7 @@
   
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -4051,6 +4093,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -4153,6 +4196,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -4253,6 +4297,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1

AMSS_NCKU_source/diff_new_sh.f90

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -179,6 +180,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -262,6 +264,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -342,6 +345,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -443,6 +447,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -553,6 +558,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -627,6 +633,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -702,6 +709,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -777,6 +785,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -851,6 +860,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -924,6 +934,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1019,6 +1030,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1134,6 +1146,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1227,6 +1240,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1314,6 +1328,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1430,6 +1445,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1580,6 +1596,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1659,6 +1676,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1740,6 +1758,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1821,6 +1840,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1903,6 +1923,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1983,6 +2004,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2087,6 +2109,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2219,6 +2242,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2321,6 +2345,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2414,6 +2439,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2544,6 +2570,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2743,6 +2770,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2827,6 +2855,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -2914,6 +2943,7 @@
 
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3001,6 +3031,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3093,6 +3124,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3183,6 +3215,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3302,6 +3335,7 @@
   fy = ZEO
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3454,6 +3488,7 @@
 
   fx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3566,6 +3601,7 @@
 
   fy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3667,6 +3703,7 @@
 
   fz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -3814,6 +3851,7 @@
   fxz = ZEO
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4098,6 +4136,7 @@
 
   fxx = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4191,6 +4230,7 @@
 
   fyy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4287,6 +4327,7 @@
   
   fzz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4383,6 +4424,7 @@
 
   fxy = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4497,6 +4539,7 @@
 
   fxz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4609,6 +4652,7 @@
 
   fyz = ZEO
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4679,6 +4723,7 @@ subroutine fderivs_shc(ex,f,fx,fy,fz,crho,sigma,R,SYM1,SYM2,SYM3,Symmetry,Lev,ss
 #if 0  
   integer :: i,j,k
   
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -4729,6 +4774,7 @@ subroutine fdderivs_shc(ex,f,fxx,fxy,fxz,fyy,fyz,fzz,crho,sigma,R,SYM1,SYM2,SYM3
 #if 0  
   integer :: i,j,k
   
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)

AMSS_NCKU_source/enforce_algebra.f90

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 !~~~~~~>
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k,lgxx,lgyy,lgzz,ldetg,lgupxx,lgupxy,lgupxz,lgupyy,lgupyz,lgupzz,ltrA,lscale)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@
 
 !~~~~~~>
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k,lgxx,lgyy,lgzz,lscale,lgxy,lgxz,lgyz,lgupxx,lgupxy,lgupxz,lgupyy,lgupyz,lgupzz,ltrA)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)

AMSS_NCKU_source/expansion.C

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <math.h>
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "util_Table.h"
 #include "cctk.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/find_horizons.C

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <math.h>
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "cctk.h"
 

AMSS_NCKU_source/kodiss.f90

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                       dx^4
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=2
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -159,6 +160,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_bd(3,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -273,6 +275,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                                              dx^8
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=4
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -385,6 +388,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                                                              dx^10
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=5
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)

AMSS_NCKU_source/kodiss_sh.f90

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                       dx^4
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=2
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -178,6 +179,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                       dx^4
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=2
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -273,6 +275,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(2,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -369,6 +372,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(3,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -510,6 +514,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(3,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -598,6 +603,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(3,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -694,6 +700,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                                              dx^8
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=4
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -794,6 +801,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(4,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -903,6 +911,7 @@ real*8,intent(in) :: eps
 !                                                              dx^10
 
 !  note the sign (-1)^r-1, now r=5
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)
@@ -1006,6 +1015,7 @@ integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM=0, EQ_SYMM=1, OCTANT=2
 
   call symmetry_stbd(5,ex,f,fh,SoA)
 
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)
   do j=1,ex(2)
   do i=1,ex(1)

AMSS_NCKU_source/lopsidediff.f90

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ subroutine lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA)
 
 ! upper bound set ex-1 only for efficiency, 
 ! the loop body will set ex 0 also
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -233,6 +234,7 @@ subroutine lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA)
 
 ! upper bound set ex-1 only for efficiency, 
 ! the loop body will set ex 0 also
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -487,201 +489,6 @@ subroutine lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA)
 
   end subroutine lopsided
 
-!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-! Combined advection (lopsided) + Kreiss-Oliger dissipation (kodis)
-! Shares the symmetry_bd buffer fh, eliminating one full-grid copy per call.
-! Mathematically identical to calling lopsided then kodis separately.
-!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-subroutine lopsided_kodis(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA,eps)
-  implicit none
-
-!~~~~~~> Input parameters:
-
-  integer, intent(in)  :: ex(1:3),Symmetry
-  real*8,  intent(in)  :: X(1:ex(1)),Y(1:ex(2)),Z(1:ex(3))
-  real*8,dimension(ex(1),ex(2),ex(3)),intent(in)   :: f,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz
-
-  real*8,dimension(ex(1),ex(2),ex(3)),intent(inout):: f_rhs
-  real*8,dimension(3),intent(in) ::SoA
-  real*8,intent(in) :: eps
-
-!~~~~~~> local variables:
-! note index -2,-1,0, so we have 3 extra points
-  real*8,dimension(-2:ex(1),-2:ex(2),-2:ex(3))   :: fh
-  integer :: imin,jmin,kmin,imax,jmax,kmax,i,j,k
-  real*8 :: dX,dY,dZ
-  real*8 :: d12dx,d12dy,d12dz,d2dx,d2dy,d2dz
-  real*8,  parameter :: ZEO=0.d0,ONE=1.d0, F3=3.d0
-  real*8,  parameter :: TWO=2.d0,F6=6.0d0,F18=1.8d1
-  real*8,  parameter :: F12=1.2d1, F10=1.d1,EIT=8.d0
-  integer, parameter :: NO_SYMM = 0, EQ_SYMM = 1, OCTANT = 2
-! kodis parameters
-  real*8, parameter :: SIX=6.d0,FIT=1.5d1,TWT=2.d1
-  real*8, parameter :: cof=6.4d1   ! 2^6
-
-  dX = X(2)-X(1)
-  dY = Y(2)-Y(1)
-  dZ = Z(2)-Z(1)
-
-  d12dx = ONE/F12/dX
-  d12dy = ONE/F12/dY
-  d12dz = ONE/F12/dZ
-
-  d2dx = ONE/TWO/dX
-  d2dy = ONE/TWO/dY
-  d2dz = ONE/TWO/dZ
-
-  imax = ex(1)
-  jmax = ex(2)
-  kmax = ex(3)
-
-  imin = 1
-  jmin = 1
-  kmin = 1
-  if(Symmetry > NO_SYMM .and. dabs(Z(1)) < dZ) kmin = -2
-  if(Symmetry > EQ_SYMM .and. dabs(X(1)) < dX) imin = -2
-  if(Symmetry > EQ_SYMM .and. dabs(Y(1)) < dY) jmin = -2
-
-! Single symmetry_bd call shared by both advection and dissipation
-  call symmetry_bd(3,ex,f,fh,SoA)
-
-! ---- Advection (lopsided) loop ----
-! upper bound set ex-1 only for efficiency, 
-! the loop body will set ex 0 also
-  do k=1,ex(3)-1
-  do j=1,ex(2)-1
-  do i=1,ex(1)-1
-! x direction   
-    if(Sfx(i,j,k) > ZEO)then
-      if(i+3 <= imax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(-F3*fh(i-1,j,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i+1,j,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i+2,j,k)+    fh(i+3,j,k))
-     elseif(i+2 <= imax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(fh(i-2,j,k)-EIT*fh(i-1,j,k)+EIT*fh(i+1,j,k)-fh(i+2,j,k))
-
-     elseif(i+1 <= imax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(-F3*fh(i+1,j,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i-1,j,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i-2,j,k)+    fh(i-3,j,k))
-     endif
-   elseif(Sfx(i,j,k) < ZEO)then
-      if(i-3 >= imin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(-F3*fh(i+1,j,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i-1,j,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i-2,j,k)+    fh(i-3,j,k))
-     elseif(i-2 >= imin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(fh(i-2,j,k)-EIT*fh(i-1,j,k)+EIT*fh(i+1,j,k)-fh(i+2,j,k))
-
-     elseif(i-1 >= imin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfx(i,j,k)*d12dx*(-F3*fh(i-1,j,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i+1,j,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i+2,j,k)+    fh(i+3,j,k))
-     endif
-   endif
-
-! y direction   
-    if(Sfy(i,j,k) > ZEO)then
-      if(j+3 <= jmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(-F3*fh(i,j-1,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j+1,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j+2,k)+    fh(i,j+3,k))
-     elseif(j+2 <= jmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(fh(i,j-2,k)-EIT*fh(i,j-1,k)+EIT*fh(i,j+1,k)-fh(i,j+2,k))
-
-     elseif(j+1 <= jmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(-F3*fh(i,j+1,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j-1,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j-2,k)+    fh(i,j-3,k))
-     endif
-   elseif(Sfy(i,j,k) < ZEO)then
-      if(j-3 >= jmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(-F3*fh(i,j+1,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j-1,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j-2,k)+    fh(i,j-3,k))
-     elseif(j-2 >= jmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(fh(i,j-2,k)-EIT*fh(i,j-1,k)+EIT*fh(i,j+1,k)-fh(i,j+2,k))
-
-     elseif(j-1 >= jmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfy(i,j,k)*d12dy*(-F3*fh(i,j-1,k)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j+1,k) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j+2,k)+    fh(i,j+3,k))
-     endif
-   endif
-
-! z direction   
-    if(Sfz(i,j,k) > ZEO)then
-      if(k+3 <= kmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(-F3*fh(i,j,k-1)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j,k+1) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j,k+2)+    fh(i,j,k+3))
-     elseif(k+2 <= kmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(fh(i,j,k-2)-EIT*fh(i,j,k-1)+EIT*fh(i,j,k+1)-fh(i,j,k+2))
-
-     elseif(k+1 <= kmax)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(-F3*fh(i,j,k+1)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j,k-1) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j,k-2)+    fh(i,j,k-3))
-     endif
-   elseif(Sfz(i,j,k) < ZEO)then
-      if(k-3 >= kmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)-                                                   &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(-F3*fh(i,j,k+1)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j,k-1) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j,k-2)+    fh(i,j,k-3))
-     elseif(k-2 >= kmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                           &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(fh(i,j,k-2)-EIT*fh(i,j,k-1)+EIT*fh(i,j,k+1)-fh(i,j,k+2))
-
-     elseif(k-1 >= kmin)then
-     f_rhs(i,j,k)=f_rhs(i,j,k)+                                                   &
-                  Sfz(i,j,k)*d12dz*(-F3*fh(i,j,k-1)-F10*fh(i,j,k)+F18*fh(i,j,k+1) &
-                                    -F6*fh(i,j,k+2)+    fh(i,j,k+3))
-     endif
-   endif
-  enddo
-  enddo
-  enddo
-
-! ---- Dissipation (kodis) loop ----
-  if(eps > ZEO) then
-  do k=1,ex(3)
-  do j=1,ex(2)
-  do i=1,ex(1)
-
-  if(i-3 >= imin .and. i+3 <= imax .and. &
-     j-3 >= jmin .and. j+3 <= jmax .and. &
-     k-3 >= kmin .and. k+3 <= kmax) then
-   f_rhs(i,j,k)       = f_rhs(i,j,k) + eps/cof *( (     &
-                              (fh(i-3,j,k)+fh(i+3,j,k)) - &
-                          SIX*(fh(i-2,j,k)+fh(i+2,j,k)) + &
-                          FIT*(fh(i-1,j,k)+fh(i+1,j,k)) - &
-                          TWT* fh(i,j,k)            )/dX + &
-                                                  (     &
-                              (fh(i,j-3,k)+fh(i,j+3,k)) - &
-                          SIX*(fh(i,j-2,k)+fh(i,j+2,k)) + &
-                          FIT*(fh(i,j-1,k)+fh(i,j+1,k)) - &
-                          TWT* fh(i,j,k)            )/dY + &
-                                                  (     &
-                              (fh(i,j,k-3)+fh(i,j,k+3)) - &
-                          SIX*(fh(i,j,k-2)+fh(i,j,k+2)) + &
-                          FIT*(fh(i,j,k-1)+fh(i,j,k+1)) - &
-                          TWT* fh(i,j,k)            )/dZ )
-  endif
-
-  enddo
-  enddo
-  enddo
-  endif
-
-  return
-
-  end subroutine lopsided_kodis
-
 #elif (ghost_width == 4)
 ! sixth order code
 ! Compute advection terms in right hand sides of field equations
@@ -753,6 +560,7 @@ subroutine lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA)
 
 ! upper bound set ex-1 only for efficiency, 
 ! the loop body will set ex 0 also
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1
@@ -969,6 +777,7 @@ subroutine lopsided(ex,X,Y,Z,f,f_rhs,Sfx,Sfy,Sfz,Symmetry,SoA)
 
 ! upper bound set ex-1 only for efficiency, 
 ! the loop body will set ex 0 also
+  !$omp parallel do collapse(2) private(i,j,k)
   do k=1,ex(3)-1
   do j=1,ex(2)-1
   do i=1,ex(1)-1

AMSS_NCKU_source/makefile

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ misc.o : zbesh.o
 
 # projects
 ABE: $(C++FILES) $(F90FILES) $(F77FILES) $(AHFDOBJS)
-	$(CLINKER) $(CXXAPPFLAGS) -o $@ $(C++FILES) $(F90FILES) $(F77FILES) $(AHFDOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
+	$(CLINKER) $(CXXAPPFLAGS) -qopenmp -o $@ $(C++FILES) $(F90FILES) $(F77FILES) $(AHFDOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
 	
 ABEGPU: $(C++FILES_GPU) $(F90FILES) $(F77FILES) $(AHFDOBJS) $(CUDAFILES)
 	$(CLINKER) $(CXXAPPFLAGS) -o $@ $(C++FILES_GPU) $(F90FILES) $(F77FILES) $(AHFDOBJS) $(CUDAFILES) $(LDLIBS)

AMSS_NCKU_source/makefile.inc

@@ -6,25 +6,23 @@
 ## Intel oneAPI version with oneMKL (Optimized for performance)
 filein  = -I/usr/include/ -I${MKLROOT}/include
 
-## Using sequential MKL (OpenMP disabled for better single-threaded performance)
+## Using OpenMP-threaded MKL for parallel performance
 ## Added -lifcore for Intel Fortran runtime and -limf for Intel math library
-LDLIBS  = -L${MKLROOT}/lib -lmkl_intel_lp64 -lmkl_sequential -lmkl_core -lifcore -limf -lpthread -lm -ldl
+LDLIBS  = -L${MKLROOT}/lib -lmkl_intel_lp64 -lmkl_intel_thread -lmkl_core -liomp5 -lifcore -limf -lpthread -lm -ldl
 
 ## Aggressive optimization flags + PGO Phase 2 (profile-guided optimization)
 ## -fprofile-instr-use: use collected profile data to guide optimization decisions
 ##   (branch prediction, basic block layout, inlining, loop unrolling)
-PROFDATA     = ../../pgo_profile/default.profdata
+PROFDATA     = /home/amss/AMSS-NCKU/pgo_profile/default.profdata
-CXXAPPFLAGS  = -O3 -xHost -fp-model fast=2 -fma -ipo \
+CXXAPPFLAGS  = -O3 -march=native -fp-model fast=2 -fma -ipo -qopenmp \
-               -fprofile-instr-use=$(PROFDATA) \
+               -DMPI_STUB -Dfortran3 -Dnewc -I${MKLROOT}/include
-               -Dfortran3 -Dnewc -I${MKLROOT}/include
+f90appflags  = -O3 -march=native -fp-model fast=2 -fma -ipo -qopenmp \
-f90appflags  = -O3 -xHost -fp-model fast=2 -fma -ipo \
-               -fprofile-instr-use=$(PROFDATA) \
                -align array64byte -fpp -I${MKLROOT}/include
 f90          = ifx
 f77          = ifx
 CXX          = icpx
 CC           = icx
-CLINKER      = mpiicpx
+CLINKER      = icpx
 
 Cu = nvcc
 CUDA_LIB_PATH = -L/usr/lib/cuda/lib64 -I/usr/include -I/usr/lib/cuda/include

AMSS_NCKU_source/misc.C

@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "macrodef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/misc.h

@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <complex.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 namespace misc
 {

AMSS_NCKU_source/monitor.h

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #endif
 #include <time.h>
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 class monitor
 {

AMSS_NCKU_source/mpi_stub.h

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#ifndef MPI_STUB_H
+#define MPI_STUB_H
+
+/*
+ * MPI Stub Header — single-process shim for AMSS-NCKU ABE solver.
+ * Provides all MPI types, constants, and functions used in the codebase
+ * as no-ops or trivial implementations for nprocs=1, myrank=0.
+ */
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <time.h>
+
+/* ── Types ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+typedef int MPI_Comm;
+typedef int MPI_Datatype;
+typedef int MPI_Op;
+typedef int MPI_Request;
+typedef int MPI_Group;
+
+typedef struct MPI_Status {
+    int MPI_SOURCE;
+    int MPI_TAG;
+    int MPI_ERROR;
+} MPI_Status;
+
+/* ── Constants ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+#define MPI_COMM_WORLD  0
+
+#define MPI_INT              1
+#define MPI_DOUBLE           2
+#define MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION 2
+#define MPI_DOUBLE_INT       3
+
+#define MPI_SUM    1
+#define MPI_MAX    2
+#define MPI_MAXLOC 3
+
+#define MPI_STATUS_IGNORE   ((MPI_Status *)0)
+#define MPI_STATUSES_IGNORE ((MPI_Status *)0)
+
+#define MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME 256
+
+/* ── Helper: sizeof for MPI_Datatype ──────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline size_t mpi_stub_sizeof(MPI_Datatype type) {
+    switch (type) {
+        case MPI_INT:        return sizeof(int);
+        case MPI_DOUBLE:     return sizeof(double);
+        case MPI_DOUBLE_INT: return sizeof(double) + sizeof(int);
+        default:             return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ── Init / Finalize ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Init(int *, char ***) { return 0; }
+static inline int MPI_Finalize() { return 0; }
+
+/* ── Communicator queries ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_Comm, int *rank) { *rank = 0; return 0; }
+static inline int MPI_Comm_size(MPI_Comm, int *size) { *size = 1; return 0; }
+static inline int MPI_Comm_split(MPI_Comm comm, int, int, MPI_Comm *newcomm) {
+    *newcomm = comm;
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Comm_free(MPI_Comm *) { return 0; }
+
+/* ── Group operations ─────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Comm_group(MPI_Comm, MPI_Group *group) {
+    *group = 0;
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Group_translate_ranks(MPI_Group, int n,
+        const int *ranks1, MPI_Group, int *ranks2) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) ranks2[i] = ranks1[i];
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Group_free(MPI_Group *) { return 0; }
+
+/* ── Collective operations ────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Allreduce(const void *sendbuf, void *recvbuf,
+        int count, MPI_Datatype datatype, MPI_Op, MPI_Comm) {
+    std::memcpy(recvbuf, sendbuf, count * mpi_stub_sizeof(datatype));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int MPI_Iallreduce(const void *sendbuf, void *recvbuf,
+        int count, MPI_Datatype datatype, MPI_Op, MPI_Comm,
+        MPI_Request *request) {
+    std::memcpy(recvbuf, sendbuf, count * mpi_stub_sizeof(datatype));
+    *request = 0;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int MPI_Bcast(void *, int, MPI_Datatype, int, MPI_Comm) {
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int MPI_Barrier(MPI_Comm) { return 0; }
+
+/* ── Point-to-point (never reached with nprocs=1) ─────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Send(const void *, int, MPI_Datatype, int, int, MPI_Comm) {
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Recv(void *, int, MPI_Datatype, int, int, MPI_Comm, MPI_Status *) {
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Isend(const void *, int, MPI_Datatype, int, int, MPI_Comm,
+        MPI_Request *req) {
+    *req = 0;
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int MPI_Irecv(void *, int, MPI_Datatype, int, int, MPI_Comm,
+        MPI_Request *req) {
+    *req = 0;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* ── Completion ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Wait(MPI_Request *, MPI_Status *) { return 0; }
+static inline int MPI_Waitall(int, MPI_Request *, MPI_Status *) { return 0; }
+
+/* ── Utility ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+static inline int MPI_Abort(MPI_Comm, int error_code) {
+    std::fprintf(stderr, "MPI_Abort called with error code %d\n", error_code);
+    std::exit(error_code);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline double MPI_Wtime() {
+    struct timespec ts;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+    return (double)ts.tv_sec + (double)ts.tv_nsec * 1.0e-9;
+}
+
+static inline int MPI_Get_processor_name(char *name, int *resultlen) {
+    const char *stub_name = "localhost";
+    std::strcpy(name, stub_name);
+    *resultlen = (int)std::strlen(stub_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* MPI_STUB_H */

AMSS_NCKU_source/parameters.h

@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <map.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 namespace parameters
 {

AMSS_NCKU_source/perf.h

@@ -30,7 +30,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 /* Real time */
 #define TimerSignal SIGALRM

AMSS_NCKU_source/rungekutta4_rout.f90

@@ -109,23 +109,33 @@
 
   if( RK4 == 0 ) then
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 + HLF * dT * f_rhs
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   elseif(RK4 == 1 ) then
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f_rhs = f_rhs + TWO * f1
-
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 + HLF * dT * f1
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   elseif(RK4 == 2 ) then
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f_rhs = f_rhs + TWO * f1
-
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 +       dT * f1
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   elseif( RK4 == 3 ) then
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 +F1o6 * dT *(f1 + f_rhs)
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   else
 
@@ -215,11 +225,15 @@
 
   if( RK4 == 0 ) then
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 + dT * f_rhs
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   else
 
+   !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 + HLF * dT * (f1+f_rhs)
+   !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   endif
 
@@ -239,7 +253,9 @@
   real*8, dimension(ex(1),ex(2),ex(3)),intent(in) ::f_rhs
   real*8, dimension(ex(1),ex(2),ex(3)),intent(out) ::f1
 
+  !$omp parallel workshare
    f1 = f0 + dT * f_rhs
+  !$omp end parallel workshare
 
   return
 

AMSS_NCKU_source/scalar_class.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "cgh.h"
 #include "ShellPatch.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/scalarwaves.C

@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "microdef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/setup.C

@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
 #include <math.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "util_Table.h"
 #include "cctk.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/surface_integral.C

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #include <map.h>
 #endif
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "cgh.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/testNull.C

@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <math.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "macrodef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/testNull2.C

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <map.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "macrodef.h"

AMSS_NCKU_source/var.C

@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@
 using namespace std;
 
 #include <time.h>
+#ifdef MPI_STUB
+#include "mpi_stub.h"
+#else
 #include <mpi.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "var.h"
 

makefile_and_run.py

@@ -11,17 +11,30 @@
 import AMSS_NCKU_Input as input_data
 import subprocess
 import time
+import os
+
+## OpenMP configuration for threaded Fortran kernels
+## OMP_NUM_THREADS: set to number of physical cores (not hyperthreads)
+## OMP_PROC_BIND: bind threads to cores to avoid migration overhead
+## OMP_STACKSIZE: each thread needs stack space for fh arrays (~3.6MB)
+if "OMP_NUM_THREADS" not in os.environ:
+    os.environ["OMP_NUM_THREADS"] = "96"
+os.environ["OMP_STACKSIZE"] = "16M"
+os.environ["OMP_PROC_BIND"] = "close"
+os.environ["OMP_PLACES"] = "cores"
 ## CPU core binding configuration using taskset
 ## taskset ensures all child processes inherit the CPU affinity mask
 ## This forces make and all compiler processes to use only nohz_full cores (4-55, 60-111)
 ## Format: taskset -c 4-55,60-111 ensures processes only run on these cores
 #NUMACTL_CPU_BIND = "taskset -c 0-111"
-NUMACTL_CPU_BIND = "taskset -c 16-47,64-95"
+#NUMACTL_CPU_BIND = "taskset -c 16-47,64-95"
+#NUMACTL_CPU_BIND = "taskset -c 8-15"
+NUMACTL_CPU_BIND = ""
 
 ## Build parallelism configuration
 ## Use nohz_full cores (4-55, 60-111) for compilation: 52 + 52 = 104 cores
 ## Set make -j to utilize available cores for faster builds
-BUILD_JOBS = 96
+BUILD_JOBS = 16
 
 
 ##################################################################
@@ -117,27 +130,26 @@ def run_ABE():
     ## Define the command to run; cast other values to strings as needed
 
     if (input_data.GPU_Calculation == "no"):
-        mpi_command         = NUMACTL_CPU_BIND + " mpirun -np " + str(input_data.MPI_processes) + " ./ABE"
+        run_command         = NUMACTL_CPU_BIND + " ./ABE"
-        #mpi_command         = " mpirun -np " + str(input_data.MPI_processes) + " ./ABE"
+        run_command_outfile = "ABE_out.log"
-        mpi_command_outfile = "ABE_out.log"
     elif (input_data.GPU_Calculation == "yes"):
-        mpi_command         = NUMACTL_CPU_BIND + " mpirun -np " + str(input_data.MPI_processes) + " ./ABEGPU"
+        run_command         = NUMACTL_CPU_BIND + " ./ABEGPU"
-        mpi_command_outfile = "ABEGPU_out.log"
+        run_command_outfile = "ABEGPU_out.log"
 
-    ## Execute the MPI command and stream output
+    ## Execute the command and stream output
-    mpi_process = subprocess.Popen(mpi_command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, text=True)
+    run_process = subprocess.Popen(run_command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, text=True)
 
     ## Write ABE run output to file while printing to stdout
-    with open(mpi_command_outfile, 'w') as file0:  
+    with open(run_command_outfile, 'w') as file0:
         ## Read and print output lines; also write each line to file
-        for line in mpi_process.stdout:
+        for line in run_process.stdout:
             print(line, end='')  # stream output in real time
             file0.write(line)    # write the line to file
             file0.flush()        # flush to ensure each line is written immediately (optional)            
     file0.close()
 
     ## Wait for the process to finish
-    mpi_return_code = mpi_process.wait()
+    run_return_code = run_process.wait()
     
     print(                                           )
     print( " The ABE/ABEGPU simulation is finished " ) 

parallel_plot_helper.py

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-import multiprocessing
-
-def run_plot_task(task):
-    """Execute a single plotting task.
-    
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    task : tuple
-        A tuple of (function, args_tuple) where function is a callable
-        plotting function and args_tuple contains its arguments.
-    """
-    func, args = task
-    return func(*args)
-
-
-def run_plot_tasks_parallel(plot_tasks):
-    """Execute a list of independent plotting tasks in parallel.
-
-    Uses the 'fork' context to create worker processes so that the main
-    script is NOT re-imported/re-executed in child processes.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    plot_tasks : list of tuples
-        Each element is (function, args_tuple).
-    """
-    ctx = multiprocessing.get_context('fork')
-    with ctx.Pool() as pool:
-        pool.map(run_plot_task, plot_tasks)

plot_GW_strain_amplitude_xiaoqu.py

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 import numpy                               ## numpy for array operations
 import scipy                               ## scipy for interpolation and signal processing
 import math
-import matplotlib
-matplotlib.use('Agg')                      ## use non-interactive backend for multiprocessing safety
 import matplotlib.pyplot    as     plt     ## matplotlib for plotting
 import os                                  ## os for system/file operations
 

plot_binary_data.py

@@ -8,23 +8,16 @@
 ##
 #################################################
 
-## Restrict OpenMP to one thread per process so that running
-## many workers in parallel does not create an O(workers * BLAS_threads)
-## thread explosion.  The variable MUST be set before numpy/scipy
-## are imported, because the BLAS library reads them only at load time.
-import os
-os.environ.setdefault("OMP_NUM_THREADS",        "1")
-
 import numpy
 import scipy
-import matplotlib
-matplotlib.use('Agg')                      ## use non-interactive backend for multiprocessing safety
 import matplotlib.pyplot    as     plt
 from   matplotlib.colors    import LogNorm
 from   mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
 ## import torch
 import AMSS_NCKU_Input      as input_data
 
+import os
+
 
 #########################################################################################
 
@@ -199,19 +192,3 @@ def get_data_xy( Rmin, Rmax, n, data0, time, figure_title, figure_outdir ):
 
 ####################################################################################
 
-
-####################################################################################
-## Allow this module to be run as a standalone script so that each
-## binary-data plot can be executed in a fresh subprocess whose BLAS
-## environment variables (set above) take effect before numpy loads.
-##
-## Usage:  python3 plot_binary_data.py <filename> <binary_outdir> <figure_outdir>
-####################################################################################
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    import sys
-    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
-        print(f"Usage: {sys.argv[0]} <filename> <binary_outdir> <figure_outdir>")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    plot_binary_data(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])
-

plot_xiaoqu.py

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 #################################################
 
 import numpy                               ## numpy for array operations
-import matplotlib
-matplotlib.use('Agg')                      ## use non-interactive backend for multiprocessing safety
 import matplotlib.pyplot    as     plt     ## matplotlib for plotting
 from   mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D  ## needed for 3D plots
 import glob
@@ -17,9 +15,6 @@ import os                                  ## operating system utilities
 
 import plot_binary_data
 import AMSS_NCKU_Input as input_data
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import multiprocessing
 
 # plt.rcParams['text.usetex'] = True  ## enable LaTeX fonts in plots
 
@@ -55,40 +50,10 @@ def generate_binary_data_plot( binary_outdir, figure_outdir ):
         file_list.append(x)
         print(x)
 
-    ## Plot each file in parallel using subprocesses.
+    ## Plot each file in the list
-    ## Each subprocess is a fresh Python process where the BLAS thread-count
-    ## environment variables (set at the top of plot_binary_data.py) take
-    ## effect before numpy is imported.  This avoids the thread explosion
-    ## that occurs when multiprocessing.Pool with 'fork' context inherits
-    ## already-initialized multi-threaded BLAS from the parent.
-    script = os.path.join( os.path.dirname(__file__), "plot_binary_data.py" )
-    max_workers = min( multiprocessing.cpu_count(), len(file_list) ) if file_list else 0
-
-    running = []
-    failed  = []
     for filename in file_list:
         print(filename)
-        proc = subprocess.Popen(
+        plot_binary_data.plot_binary_data(filename, binary_outdir, figure_outdir)
-            [sys.executable, script, filename, binary_outdir, figure_outdir],
-        )
-        running.append( (proc, filename) )
-        ## Keep at most max_workers subprocesses active at a time
-        if len(running) >= max_workers:
-            p, fn = running.pop(0)
-            p.wait()
-            if p.returncode != 0:
-                failed.append(fn)
-
-    ## Wait for all remaining subprocesses to finish
-    for p, fn in running:
-        p.wait()
-        if p.returncode != 0:
-            failed.append(fn)
-
-    if failed:
-        print( " WARNING: the following binary data plots failed:" )
-        for fn in failed:
-            print( "   ", fn )
 
     print(                        )
     print( " Binary Data Plot Has been Finished " )