diff --git a/src/RISCv64AsmPrinter.cpp b/src/RISCv64AsmPrinter.cpp
index 47e9773..9482a58 100644
--- a/src/RISCv64AsmPrinter.cpp
+++ b/src/RISCv64AsmPrinter.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ bool isMemoryOp(RVOpcodes opcode) {
 
 RISCv64AsmPrinter::RISCv64AsmPrinter(MachineFunction* mfunc) : MFunc(mfunc) {}
 
-void RISCv64AsmPrinter::run(std::ostream& os) {
+void RISCv64AsmPrinter::run(std::ostream& os, bool debug) {
     OS = &os;
 
     *OS << ".globl " << MFunc->getName() << "\n";
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void RISCv64AsmPrinter::run(std::ostream& os) {
     printPrologue();
 
     for (auto& mbb : MFunc->getBlocks()) {
-        printBasicBlock(mbb.get());
+        printBasicBlock(mbb.get(), debug);
     }
 }
 
@@ -73,16 +73,16 @@ void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printEpilogue() {
     }
 }
 
-void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock* mbb) {
+void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock* mbb, bool debug) {
     if (!mbb->getName().empty()) {
         *OS << mbb->getName() << ":\n";
     }
     for (auto& instr : mbb->getInstructions()) {
-        printInstruction(instr.get());
+        printInstruction(instr.get(), debug);
     }
 }
 
-void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printInstruction(MachineInstr* instr) {
+void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printInstruction(MachineInstr* instr, bool debug) {
     auto opcode = instr->getOpcode();
     if (opcode == RVOpcodes::RET) {
         printEpilogue();
@@ -137,9 +137,17 @@ void RISCv64AsmPrinter::printInstruction(MachineInstr* instr) {
             // *OS << ":";
             break;
         case RVOpcodes::FRAME_LOAD:
+            // It should have been eliminated by RegAlloc
+            if (!debug) throw std::runtime_error("FRAME pseudo-instruction not eliminated before AsmPrinter");
+            *OS << "frame_load ";  break;
         case RVOpcodes::FRAME_STORE:
-            // These should have been eliminated by RegAlloc
-            throw std::runtime_error("FRAME pseudo-instruction not eliminated before AsmPrinter");
+            // It should have been eliminated by RegAlloc
+            if (!debug) throw std::runtime_error("FRAME pseudo-instruction not eliminated before AsmPrinter");
+            *OS << "frame_store ";  break;
+        case RVOpcodes::FRAME_ADDR:
+            // It should have been eliminated by RegAlloc
+            if (!debug) throw std::runtime_error("FRAME pseudo-instruction not eliminated before AsmPrinter");
+            *OS << "frame_addr "; break;
         default: 
             throw std::runtime_error("Unknown opcode in AsmPrinter");
     }
diff --git a/src/RISCv64Backend.cpp b/src/RISCv64Backend.cpp
index cccbf40..4f45fde 100644
--- a/src/RISCv64Backend.cpp
+++ b/src/RISCv64Backend.cpp
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ std::string RISCv64CodeGen::function_gen(Function* func) {
     RISCv64ISel isel;
     std::unique_ptr<MachineFunction> mfunc = isel.runOnFunction(func);
 
+    std::stringstream ss1;
+    RISCv64AsmPrinter printer1(mfunc.get());
+    printer1.run(ss1, true);
+
     // 阶段 2: 指令调度 (Instruction Scheduling)
     PreRA_Scheduler scheduler;
     scheduler.runOnMachineFunction(mfunc.get());
@@ -81,7 +85,7 @@ std::string RISCv64CodeGen::function_gen(Function* func) {
     std::stringstream ss;
     RISCv64AsmPrinter printer(mfunc.get());
     printer.run(ss);
-
+    if (DEBUG) ss << ss1.str(); // 将指令选择阶段的结果也包含在最终输出中
     return ss.str();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/RISCv64ISel.cpp b/src/RISCv64ISel.cpp
index 005ba96..2da2373 100644
--- a/src/RISCv64ISel.cpp
+++ b/src/RISCv64ISel.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <cmath> // For std::fabs
 #include <limits> // For std::numeric_limits
+#include <iostream>
 
 namespace sysy {
 
@@ -92,6 +93,10 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectBasicBlock(BasicBlock* bb) {
     std::set<DAGNode*> selected_nodes;
     std::function<void(DAGNode*)> select_recursive = 
         [&](DAGNode* node) {
+        if (DEEPDEBUG) {
+            std::cout << "[DEEPDEBUG] select_recursive: Visiting node with kind: " << node->kind 
+                    << " (Value: " << (node->value ? node->value->getName() : "null") << ")" << std::endl;
+        }
         if (!node || selected_nodes.count(node)) return;
         for (auto operand : node->operands) {
             select_recursive(operand);
@@ -118,24 +123,37 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectBasicBlock(BasicBlock* bb) {
     }
 }
 
-// 核心函数：为DAG节点选择并生成MachineInstr (忠实移植版)
+// 核心函数：为DAG节点选择并生成MachineInstr (已修复和增强的完整版本)
 void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
+    // 调用者（select_recursive）已经保证了操作数节点会先于当前节点被选择。
+    // 因此，这里我们只处理当前节点。
+
     switch (node->kind) {
+        // [V2优点] 采纳“延迟物化”（Late Materialization）思想。
+        // 这两个节点仅作为标记，不直接生成指令。它们的目的是在DAG中保留类型信息。
+        // 加载其值的责任，被转移给了使用它们的父节点（如STORE, BINARY等）。
+        // 这修复了之前版本中“使用未初始化虚拟寄存器”的根本性bug。
         case DAGNode::CONSTANT:
         case DAGNode::ALLOCA_ADDR:
-            if (node->value) getVReg(node->value);
+            if (node->value) {
+                // 确保它有一个关联的虚拟寄存器即可，不生成代码。
+                getVReg(node->value);
+            }
             break;
         
         case DAGNode::LOAD: {
             auto dest_vreg = getVReg(node->value);
             Value* ptr_val = node->operands[0]->value;
 
+            // [V1设计保留] 对于从栈变量加载，继续使用伪指令 FRAME_LOAD。
+            // 这种设计将栈帧布局的具体计算推迟到后续的 `eliminateFrameIndices` 阶段，保持了模块化。
             if (auto alloca = dynamic_cast<AllocaInst*>(ptr_val)) {
                 auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::FRAME_LOAD);
                 instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                 instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(alloca)));
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
             } else if (auto global = dynamic_cast<GlobalValue*>(ptr_val)) {
+                // 对于全局变量，先用 la 加载其地址，再用 lw 加载其值。
                 auto addr_vreg = getNewVReg();
                 auto la = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LA);
                 la->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(addr_vreg));
@@ -150,6 +168,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                 ));
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(lw));
             } else {
+                // 对于已经在虚拟寄存器中的指针地址，直接通过该地址加载。
                 auto ptr_vreg = getVReg(ptr_val);
                 auto lw = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LW);
                 lw->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
@@ -166,7 +185,13 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             Value* val_to_store = node->operands[0]->value;
             Value* ptr_val = node->operands[1]->value;
 
+            // [V2优点] 在STORE节点内部负责加载作为源的常量。
+            // 如果要存储的值是一个常量，就在这里生成 `li` 指令加载它。
             if (auto val_const = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(val_to_store)) {
+                if (DEBUG) {
+                    std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-BINARY: Found constant operand with value " << val_const->getInt()
+                            << ". Generating LI instruction." << std::endl;
+                }
                 auto li = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LI);
                 li->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(val_const)));
                 li->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(val_const->getInt()));
@@ -174,13 +199,15 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             }
             auto val_vreg = getVReg(val_to_store);
 
+            // [V1设计保留] 同样，对于向栈变量的存储，使用 FRAME_STORE 伪指令。
             if (auto alloca = dynamic_cast<AllocaInst*>(ptr_val)) {
                 auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::FRAME_STORE);
                 instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(val_vreg));
                 instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(alloca)));
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
             } else if (auto global = dynamic_cast<GlobalValue*>(ptr_val)) {
-                 auto addr_vreg = getNewVReg();
+                // 向全局变量存储。
+                auto addr_vreg = getNewVReg();
                 auto la = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LA);
                 la->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(addr_vreg));
                 la->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(global->getName()));
@@ -194,6 +221,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                 ));
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(sw));
             } else {
+                // 向一个指针（存储在虚拟寄存器中）指向的地址存储。
                 auto ptr_vreg = getVReg(ptr_val);
                 auto sw = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SW);
                 sw->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(val_vreg));
@@ -211,36 +239,53 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             Value* lhs = bin->getLhs();
             Value* rhs = bin->getRhs();
 
+            // [V2优点] 在BINARY节点内部按需加载常量操作数。
             auto load_val_if_const = [&](Value* val) {
                 if (auto c = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(val)) {
+                    if (DEBUG) {
+                        std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-BINARY: Found constant operand with value " << c->getInt()
+                                << ". Generating LI instruction." << std::endl;
+                    }
                     auto li = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LI);
                     li->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(c)));
                     li->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(c->getInt()));
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(li));
                 }
             };
-            load_val_if_const(lhs);
-            load_val_if_const(rhs);
 
-            auto dest_vreg = getVReg(bin);
-            auto lhs_vreg = getVReg(lhs);
-            auto rhs_vreg = getVReg(rhs);
-
-            if (bin->getKind() == BinaryInst::kAdd) {
-                if (auto rhs_const = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(rhs)) {
-                    if (rhs_const->getInt() >= -2048 && rhs_const->getInt() < 2048) {
-                        auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::ADDIW);
-                        instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
-                        instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
-                        instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(rhs_const->getInt()));
-                        CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
-                        return;
-                    }
+            // 检查是否能应用立即数优化。
+            bool rhs_is_imm_opt = false;
+            if (auto rhs_const = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(rhs)) {
+                if (bin->getKind() == BinaryInst::kAdd && rhs_const->getInt() >= -2048 && rhs_const->getInt() < 2048) {
+                    rhs_is_imm_opt = true;
                 }
             }
 
+            // 仅在不能作为立即数操作数时才需要提前加载。
+            load_val_if_const(lhs);
+            if (!rhs_is_imm_opt) {
+                load_val_if_const(rhs);
+            }
+
+            auto dest_vreg = getVReg(bin);
+            auto lhs_vreg = getVReg(lhs);
+
+            // [V2优点] 融合 ADDIW 优化。
+            if (rhs_is_imm_opt) {
+                auto rhs_const = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(rhs);
+                auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::ADDIW);
+                instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
+                instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
+                instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(rhs_const->getInt()));
+                CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
+                return; // 指令已生成，直接返回。
+            }
+            
+            auto rhs_vreg = getVReg(rhs);
+
             switch (bin->getKind()) {
                 case BinaryInst::kAdd: {
+                    // 区分指针运算（64位）和整数运算（32位）。
                     RVOpcodes opcode = (lhs->getType()->isPointer() || rhs->getType()->isPointer()) ? RVOpcodes::ADD : RVOpcodes::ADDW;
                     auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(opcode);
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
@@ -281,7 +326,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
                     break;
                 }
-                case BinaryInst::kICmpEQ: {
+                case BinaryInst::kICmpEQ: { // 等于 (a == b) -> (subw; seqz)
                     auto sub = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SUBW);
                     sub->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     sub->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
@@ -294,7 +339,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(seqz));
                     break;
                 }
-                case BinaryInst::kICmpNE: {
+                case BinaryInst::kICmpNE: { // 不等于 (a != b) -> (subw; snez)
                     auto sub = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SUBW);
                     sub->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     sub->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
@@ -307,7 +352,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(snez));
                     break;
                 }
-                case BinaryInst::kICmpLT: {
+                case BinaryInst::kICmpLT: { // 小于 (a < b) -> slt
                     auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SLT);
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
@@ -315,7 +360,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
                     break;
                 }
-                case BinaryInst::kICmpGT: {
+                case BinaryInst::kICmpGT: { // 大于 (a > b) -> (b < a) -> slt
                     auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SLT);
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(rhs_vreg));
@@ -323,7 +368,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
                     break;
                 }
-                case BinaryInst::kICmpLE: {
+                case BinaryInst::kICmpLE: { // 小于等于 (a <= b) -> !(b < a) -> (slt; xori)
                     auto slt = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SLT);
                     slt->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     slt->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(rhs_vreg));
@@ -337,7 +382,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(xori));
                     break;
                 }
-                 case BinaryInst::kICmpGE: {
+                 case BinaryInst::kICmpGE: { // 大于等于 (a >= b) -> !(a < b) -> (slt; xori)
                     auto slt = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SLT);
                     slt->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     slt->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(lhs_vreg));
@@ -363,7 +408,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             auto src_vreg = getVReg(unary->getOperand());
 
             switch (unary->getKind()) {
-                case UnaryInst::kNeg: {
+                case UnaryInst::kNeg: { // 取负: 0 - src
                     auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SUBW);
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(PhysicalReg::ZERO));
@@ -371,7 +416,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
                     break;
                 }
-                case UnaryInst::kNot: {
+                case UnaryInst::kNot: { // 逻辑非: src == 0 ? 1 : 0
                     auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::SEQZ);
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
                     instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(src_vreg));
@@ -386,6 +431,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
 
         case DAGNode::CALL: {
             auto call = dynamic_cast<CallInst*>(node->value);
+            // 处理函数参数，放入a0-a7物理寄存器
             for (size_t i = 0; i < node->operands.size() && i < 8; ++i) {
                 DAGNode* arg_node = node->operands[i];
                 auto arg_preg = static_cast<PhysicalReg>(static_cast<int>(PhysicalReg::A0) + i);
@@ -409,7 +455,8 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             auto call_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::CALL);
             call_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(call->getCallee()->getName()));
             CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(call_instr));
-
+            
+            // 处理返回值，从a0移动到目标虚拟寄存器
             if (!call->getType()->isVoid()) {
                 auto mv_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::MV);
                 mv_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(call)));
@@ -423,6 +470,7 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             auto ret_inst_ir = dynamic_cast<ReturnInst*>(node->value);
             if (ret_inst_ir && ret_inst_ir->hasReturnValue()) {
                 Value* ret_val = ret_inst_ir->getReturnValue();
+                // [V2优点] 在RETURN节点内加载常量返回值
                 if (auto const_val = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(ret_val)) {
                     auto li_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LI);
                     li_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(PhysicalReg::A0));
@@ -435,6 +483,8 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                     CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(mv_instr));
                 }
             }
+            // [V1设计保留] 函数尾声（epilogue）不由RETURN节点生成，
+            // 而是由后续的AsmPrinter或其它Pass统一处理，这是一种常见且有效的模块化设计。
             auto ret_mi = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::RET);
             CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(ret_mi));
             break;
@@ -442,11 +492,25 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
 
         case DAGNode::BRANCH: {
             if (auto cond_br = dynamic_cast<CondBrInst*>(node->value)) {
+                // [V2优点] 采用更健壮的if-then-else分支逻辑。
+                auto cond_vreg = getVReg(cond_br->getCondition());
+                auto then_bb_name = cond_br->getThenBlock()->getName();
+                auto else_bb_name = cond_br->getElseBlock()->getName();
+                
+                // bne cond, zero, then_label  (如果cond不为0，则跳转到then)
                 auto br_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::BNE);
-                br_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(cond_br->getCondition())));
+                br_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(cond_vreg));
                 br_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(PhysicalReg::ZERO));
-                br_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(cond_br->getThenBlock()->getName()));
+                br_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(then_bb_name));
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(br_instr));
+                
+                // 无条件跳转到else块 (如果上面分支未发生)
+                // 注意：在实际的CFG中，这个J指令可能不是必须的，
+                // 因为else块可能是下一个块。但为了通用性，这里生成它。
+                auto j_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::J);
+                j_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(else_bb_name));
+                CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(j_instr));
+
             } else if (auto uncond_br = dynamic_cast<UncondBrInst*>(node->value)) {
                 auto j_instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::J);
                 j_instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<LabelOperand>(uncond_br->getBlock()->getName()));
@@ -456,15 +520,58 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
         }
 
         case DAGNode::MEMSET: {
+            // [V1设计保留] Memset的核心展开逻辑在虚拟寄存器层面是正确的，无需修改。
+            // 之前的bug是由于其输入（地址、值、大小）的虚拟寄存器未被正确初始化。
+            // 在修复了CONSTANT/ALLOCA_ADDR的加载问题后，此处的逻辑现在可以正常工作。
+
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-MEMSET: Processing MEMSET node." << std::endl;
+            }
             auto memset = dynamic_cast<MemsetInst*>(node->value);
+            Value* val_to_set = memset->getValue();
+            Value* size_to_set = memset->getSize();
+            Value* ptr_val = memset->getPointer();
+            auto dest_addr_vreg = getVReg(ptr_val);
+
+            if (auto const_val = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(val_to_set)) {
+                if (DEBUG) {
+                    std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-MEMSET: Found constant 'value' operand (" << const_val->getInt() << "). Generating LI." << std::endl;
+                }
+                auto li = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LI);
+                li->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(const_val)));
+                li->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(const_val->getInt()));
+                CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(li));
+            }
+            if (auto const_size = dynamic_cast<ConstantValue*>(size_to_set)) {
+                if (DEBUG) {
+                    std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-MEMSET: Found constant 'size' operand (" << const_size->getInt() << "). Generating LI." << std::endl;
+                }
+                auto li = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::LI);
+                li->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(const_size)));
+                li->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(const_size->getInt()));
+                CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(li));
+            }
+            if (auto alloca = dynamic_cast<AllocaInst*>(ptr_val)) {
+                if (DEBUG) {
+                    std::cout << "[DEBUG] selectNode-MEMSET: Found 'pointer' operand is an AllocaInst. Generating FRAME_ADDR." << std::endl;
+                }
+                // 生成新的伪指令来获取栈地址
+                auto instr = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::FRAME_ADDR);
+                instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_addr_vreg)); // 目标虚拟寄存器
+                instr->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(getVReg(alloca)));   // 源AllocaInst
+                CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(instr));
+            }
             auto r_dest_addr = getVReg(memset->getPointer());
             auto r_num_bytes = getVReg(memset->getSize());
             auto r_value_byte = getVReg(memset->getValue());
+            
+            // 为memset内部逻辑创建新的临时虚拟寄存器
             auto r_counter = getNewVReg();
             auto r_end_addr = getNewVReg();
             auto r_current_addr = getNewVReg();
             auto r_temp_val = getNewVReg();
 
+            // 定义一系列lambda表达式来简化指令创建
             auto add_instr = [&](RVOpcodes op, unsigned rd, unsigned rs1, unsigned rs2) {
                 auto i = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(op);
                 i->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(rd));
@@ -503,12 +610,14 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
                 CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(i));
             };
 
+            // 生成唯一的循环标签
             int unique_id = this->local_label_counter++;
             std::string loop_start_label = MFunc->getName() + "_memset_loop_start_" + std::to_string(unique_id);
             std::string loop_end_label = MFunc->getName() + "_memset_loop_end_" + std::to_string(unique_id);
             std::string remainder_label = MFunc->getName() + "_memset_remainder_" + std::to_string(unique_id);
             std::string done_label = MFunc->getName() + "_memset_done_" + std::to_string(unique_id);
             
+            // 构造64位的填充值
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::ANDI, r_temp_val, r_value_byte, 255);
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::SLLI, r_value_byte, r_temp_val, 8);
             add_instr(RVOpcodes::OR, r_temp_val, r_temp_val, r_value_byte);
@@ -516,6 +625,8 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             add_instr(RVOpcodes::OR, r_temp_val, r_temp_val, r_value_byte);
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::SLLI, r_value_byte, r_temp_val, 32);
             add_instr(RVOpcodes::OR, r_temp_val, r_temp_val, r_value_byte);
+            
+            // 计算循环边界
             add_instr(RVOpcodes::ADD, r_end_addr, r_dest_addr, r_num_bytes);
             auto mv = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::MV);
             mv->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(r_current_addr));
@@ -523,17 +634,22 @@ void RISCv64ISel::selectNode(DAGNode* node) {
             CurMBB->addInstruction(std::move(mv));
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::ANDI, r_counter, r_num_bytes, -8);
             add_instr(RVOpcodes::ADD, r_counter, r_dest_addr, r_counter);
+            
+            // 8字节主循环
             label_instr(loop_start_label);
             branch_instr(RVOpcodes::BGEU, r_current_addr, r_counter, loop_end_label);
             store_instr(RVOpcodes::SD, r_temp_val, r_current_addr, 0);
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::ADDI, r_current_addr, r_current_addr, 8);
             jump_instr(loop_start_label);
+            
+            // 1字节收尾循环
             label_instr(loop_end_label);
             label_instr(remainder_label);
             branch_instr(RVOpcodes::BGEU, r_current_addr, r_end_addr, done_label);
             store_instr(RVOpcodes::SB, r_temp_val, r_current_addr, 0);
             addi_instr(RVOpcodes::ADDI, r_current_addr, r_current_addr, 1);
             jump_instr(remainder_label);
+            
             label_instr(done_label);
             break;
         }
@@ -590,6 +706,12 @@ std::vector<std::unique_ptr<RISCv64ISel::DAGNode>> RISCv64ISel::build_dag(BasicB
             memset_node->operands.push_back(get_operand_node(memset->getBegin(), value_to_node, nodes_storage));
             memset_node->operands.push_back(get_operand_node(memset->getSize(), value_to_node, nodes_storage));
             memset_node->operands.push_back(get_operand_node(memset->getValue(), value_to_node, nodes_storage));
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                std::cout << "[DEBUG] build_dag: Created MEMSET node for: " << memset->getName() << std::endl;
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < memset_node->operands.size(); ++i) {
+                    std::cout << "  -> Operand " << i << " has kind: " << memset_node->operands[i]->kind << std::endl;
+                }
+            }
         } else if (auto load = dynamic_cast<LoadInst*>(inst)) {
             auto load_node = create_node(DAGNode::LOAD, load, value_to_node, nodes_storage);
             load_node->operands.push_back(get_operand_node(load->getPointer(), value_to_node, nodes_storage));
diff --git a/src/RISCv64RegAlloc.cpp b/src/RISCv64RegAlloc.cpp
index 2695f3b..d4c69e7 100644
--- a/src/RISCv64RegAlloc.cpp
+++ b/src/RISCv64RegAlloc.cpp
@@ -94,6 +94,18 @@ void RISCv64RegAlloc::eliminateFrameIndices() {
                     std::make_unique<RegOperand>(addr_vreg),
                     std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(0)));
                 new_instructions.push_back(std::move(sw));
+            } else if (instr_ptr->getOpcode() == RVOpcodes::FRAME_ADDR) { // [新] 处理FRAME_ADDR
+                auto& operands = instr_ptr->getOperands();
+                unsigned dest_vreg = static_cast<RegOperand*>(operands[0].get())->getVRegNum();
+                unsigned alloca_vreg = static_cast<RegOperand*>(operands[1].get())->getVRegNum();
+                int offset = frame_info.alloca_offsets.at(alloca_vreg);
+
+                // 将 `frame_addr rd, rs` 展开为 `addi rd, s0, offset`
+                auto addi = std::make_unique<MachineInstr>(RVOpcodes::ADDI);
+                addi->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(dest_vreg));
+                addi->addOperand(std::make_unique<RegOperand>(PhysicalReg::S0)); // 基地址是帧指针 s0
+                addi->addOperand(std::make_unique<ImmOperand>(offset));
+                new_instructions.push_back(std::move(addi));
             } else {
                 new_instructions.push_back(std::move(instr_ptr));
             }
diff --git a/src/include/RISCv64AsmPrinter.h b/src/include/RISCv64AsmPrinter.h
index 3ea71f6..f942a45 100644
--- a/src/include/RISCv64AsmPrinter.h
+++ b/src/include/RISCv64AsmPrinter.h
@@ -4,20 +4,23 @@
 #include "RISCv64LLIR.h"
 #include <iostream>
 
+extern int DEBUG;
+extern int DEEPDEBUG;
+
 namespace sysy {
 
 class RISCv64AsmPrinter {
 public:
     RISCv64AsmPrinter(MachineFunction* mfunc);
     // 主入口
-    void run(std::ostream& os);
+    void run(std::ostream& os, bool debug = false);
 
 private:
     // 打印各个部分
     void printPrologue();
     void printEpilogue();
-    void printBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock* mbb);
-    void printInstruction(MachineInstr* instr);
+    void printBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock* mbb, bool debug = false);
+    void printInstruction(MachineInstr* instr, bool debug = false);
     
     // 辅助函数
     std::string regToString(PhysicalReg reg);
diff --git a/src/include/RISCv64Backend.h b/src/include/RISCv64Backend.h
index 33f7831..403d586 100644
--- a/src/include/RISCv64Backend.h
+++ b/src/include/RISCv64Backend.h
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include "IR.h"
 #include <string>
 
+extern int DEBUG;
+extern int DEEPDEBUG;
+
 namespace sysy {
 
 // RISCv64CodeGen 现在是一个高层驱动器
diff --git a/src/include/RISCv64ISel.h b/src/include/RISCv64ISel.h
index 795b2b8..6c5e421 100644
--- a/src/include/RISCv64ISel.h
+++ b/src/include/RISCv64ISel.h
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 
 #include "RISCv64LLIR.h"
 
+extern int DEBUG;
+extern int DEEPDEBUG;
+
 namespace sysy {
 
 class RISCv64ISel {
diff --git a/src/include/RISCv64LLIR.h b/src/include/RISCv64LLIR.h
index 6310741..86de7d4 100644
--- a/src/include/RISCv64LLIR.h
+++ b/src/include/RISCv64LLIR.h
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ enum class RVOpcodes {
     // 新增伪指令，用于解耦栈帧处理
     FRAME_LOAD,  // 从栈帧加载 (AllocaInst)
     FRAME_STORE, // 保存到栈帧 (AllocaInst)
+    FRAME_ADDR,  // [新] 获取栈帧变量的地址
 };
 
 class MachineOperand;
diff --git a/src/sysyc.cpp b/src/sysyc.cpp
index 692225d..cac39a9 100644
--- a/src/sysyc.cpp
+++ b/src/sysyc.cpp
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   // 设置 DEBUG 模式（如果指定了 'asmd'）
   if (argStopAfter == "asmd") {
     DEBUG = 1;
-    // DEEPDEBUG = 1;
+    DEEPDEBUG = 1;
   }
   sysy::RISCv64CodeGen codegen(moduleIR); // 传入优化后的 moduleIR
   string asmCode = codegen.code_gen();